Look at history and you will see that practically no women have excelled in areas where spatial ability and mathematical reasoning are required, such as chess, composing and rocket science.

研究一下历史，你就会发现，事实上，在需要空间能力和数学推理的领域——比如国际象棋、作曲和火箭科学——没有出类拔萃的女性。

Computer science is first and foremost a branch of applied mathematics, so a computer scientist should be expected to understand the principles of mathematical reasoning.

计算机科学首先是应用数学的一个分支，因此计算机科学家需要理解数据推理的原理。

Why then does it not fail me in a difficult piece of mathematical reasoning where most chess-players would lose themselves?

为什么令大多数象棋选手感到吃力的数学题，却不会难倒我呢？

But consistently, men score at least statistically better on mathematical word problems and on tests of mathematical reasoning.

但男人长期在数据上更擅长数学应用题和数学论证。

As a young mathematician, he saw mathematical solutions -- nonrational flashes of intuition -- long before he could work out the reasoning.

作为年轻的数学家，他能预见数学题解决方案--非理性的直觉闪现--之后很久才能弄清推导过程。

On one hand, as a typical content of mathematical subject, reasoning and proof embodies the mathematical rational spirit;

一方面，推理与证明作为数学学科的典型内容，体现了数学的理性精神；