From that strength, as these banks become large and important they acquire, almost by natural process, a third and vitally important function and that is what we ve called a lender of last resort.

借助这一实力地位，随着中央银行越来越庞大和重要，它们几乎是自然而然地获得了第三种功能，也就是我们所说的“最后贷款者”。

In the absence of a central bank, Morgan had for decades been acting as the country’s unofficial lender of last resort, gathering reserves and supplying capital to the markets in periods of crisis.

在没有中央银行的情况下，摩根数十年来一直充当着美国非官方最后贷款者的角色：聚集储备，在危机期间为市场提供资本。

For example the IMF, supposedly the world's lender of last resort, is saying they have no money to help the Euro.

举个例子，国际货币基金组织，可能是世界上最后的贷款者了，他们说自己没有金钱来帮助欧盟。

Draghi expressed strong resistance to the ECB being used as a lender of last resort, insisting that it was not its remit.

德拉吉表示，ECB做为一个最后贷款人，承受着巨大的阻力，并坚持认为这并不意味着“汇款”。

For example, it has played a key role in averting or reducing national and regional financial crises, serving as a lender of last resort to nations in fiscal stress.

例如，作为财政困难的国家的最后贷款机构，它在避免或减少国家和区域金融危机方面发挥了关键作用。

The Fed is effectively standing as lender of last resort not just to commercial banks but now to investment banks.

美联储不仅仅是对商业银行来说扮演着最后贷款人的角色，对投资银行亦是如此。

In this article, two authors use game theory to analyze the mechanisms of "the Lender of Last Resort" and "Market Exit Discipline".

本文将通过博弈论方法的运用，分析中央银行应采用最后贷款人行动抑或市场退出惩戒的问题。

Or they will have to do so implicitly, by allowing the ECB to counter a panic with purchases of government bonds: in effect, letting it act as a lender of last resort.

要么通过另外一种含蓄的方式，利用欧洲央行来应对购买政府国债的恐慌，从效果上而言，也就是让欧洲央行成为最后出资人。