What he wrote was not philosophy but a species of hortative essay.

他写的不是哲学 而是一种激励性的文章

Once in a while only a hortative smile can encourage youeself to carry on.

偶尔需要一个鼓励的微笑，就可以说服自己继续坚强下去。

For soldiers, I find the generals commonly in their hortative , put men in mind of their wives and children;

至于军人，窃见将帅激厉士卒时，多使他们忆及他们的妻子儿女；

The practices have morphed into Halloween as it is understood today, with parents hortative their possess little ghosts and goblins to area the neighborhood.

这种习惯渐渐演变为今天大家所熟知的万圣节，现在父母们会鼓励自家小鬼们去邻居家装神弄鬼。