(of a reproof or misfortune)have a restraining or moderating effect on
(责难,不幸)遏制;使缓和
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the director was somewhat chastened by his recent flops 最近的失败使主管的态度有所收敛
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[as adj.
chastening ]a chastening experience .一次磨炼。
〈古〉 (尤指上帝)惩戒,惩罚。
"early 16th cent.: from an obsolete verb