remove impurities or unwanted elements from (a substance), typically as part of an industrial process
提炼;精炼;精制
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sugar was refined by boiling it in huge iron vats .糖在大铁缸里煮沸精制。
improve (something) by making small changes, in particular make (an idea, theory, or method) more subtle and accurate
使(想法、理论或方法)更精妙,更精确,更完善
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ease of access to computers has refined analysis and presentation of data .计算机普及使数据分析和描述更加精炼。
"late 16th cent.: from